The будёновка ( Budiónafka ) was the cap of the Red Army soldiers during the first decades of existence of the USSR and was part of the new uniform created for them after the end of the Tsarist regime into consideration that the arrival of the Bolsheviks to power meant to leave in the past, among other things, also uniforms and military traditions tsar. 
Since all documents and orders related to the development of the new uniform for the Red Army were signed by Trotsky its origin remained somewhat in the shadows in consideration of Trotsky's name was forbidden for a long time, it emerged in Soviet times, countless versions and rumors about the origin of the resulting non-uniform historical documents having been the most extended version of that time he had been created in the time of the Tsars to be used in a course on German victory parade in Berlin celebrating the end of the First World War. With the advent of the revolution uniforms have remained stacked unused in warehouses until the Bolsheviks found them and handed them over to use the new army after replacing the tsarist symbol, the double headed eagle (Двуглавый Орёл, picture below), the red star. 
For the first generation of Soviet citizens the budenovka turned into one of the symbols of the new socialist state, so in the 20's came an-poems, songs and popular songs budenovka associating, as it was then dubbed a cap, with the Red Army. 
The budenovka and the Red Army were inseparable until the war with Finland in 1939-1940 as the battles in the winter showed that a fur hat with earflaps ( shapka-ushanka , image above) protected extreme cold much better than a cap of gender as the budenovka. Today, the budenovka is nothing more than an object of collection, a popular souvenir and also a feature of films and plays about the Civil War and the Red Army. The cap is also used in most everyday situations to cover the head in saunas (picture below) in order to moderate the excessive heat while some young people make use of the word as a synonym of condom given taper tip terminated cap.
Despite its banality cap today is also a symbol of the celebration each February 23 * in Russia, the day of the defense of the country * but originally considered as the day that the Red Army was founded. * really Day is celebrated as the man in Russia in opposition to the March 8 Women's Day
The nickname Budenovka , pronounced budiónafka, derives from the name Будённый (Budyonny ) * by Commander Army cavalry (top image ) I use the cap for the first time and achieving fame with his military successes during the Civil War is fought after the Revolution. It is sometimes spelled with two n as Budennovka but the adjective ** noun was a long time so it makes no sense to write well. Versions contemporary are sold in approximately 350 rubles (about $ 12 ). * The Bolsheviks replaced the word "official" which was considered proper to the old regime, by Commander, although with time quickly regained the use of the term "Official" **
surnames are treated grammatically as adjectives Russian language
The Birth of the Red Army
Red Army soldiers (красноармейцы, krasnoarmeitsy) in 1919 after the Bolshevik revolution of 1917 and given the abolition traditions of the Tsarist army impossible to create and begin to mass produce a uniform for the new Red Army immediately especially in the middle of a civil war like the one he lived after the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and continued until approximately late 1922.
Initially members of the Red Army had no uniform and only spotted a bracelet that said КРАСНАЯ ГВАРДИЯ (Krasnaya gvárdiya, Red Guard. image immediately above) or, sometimes, a red ribbon on cap, however, since the old czarist uniforms were in huge quantities in warehouses throughout Russia, the Bolsheviks also took advantage of them, even without getting rid of shields and pads, but adding red ribbons in their caps and also in the chest. Al
expand the use of the czarist army uniforms became common color camouflage shirt and collar turned up ( picture above) as well as the color camouflage pants come under the boots or rolled up with the boots and leggings The cloak also straight ( image below). On the head of the Red Army members wore visors gender or papaja ( can appreciate this type of Caucasian hat in the picture after next ), sometimes with a red ribbon. 
As the reserves were depleting the wineries began to emerge gradually the need to create a new uniform. So on May 7, 1918 a provision appeared in Moscow, with the number 326, to contest the election of a new uniform for the fledgling Red Army. 
Red Guerrillas Siberia. Can appreciate the variety of hats in use. requirements, among others, was that the costumes are completely distinguish Tsarist forms and has an elegance and simplicity "keeping the soul of the people" as well as a slightly sporty look. It also called lack of color too striking and not score in the silhouette too.
was established as the deadline for delivery of projects on June 10, 1918, which would be reviewed by six expert committees, whose decision would be upheld by the Commissioner in military affairs.
Among the creative elite to flee the country can not get the contest caused the most varied reactions: some fun, some he declared a boycott and some more enthusiastically participated including prominent Russian artists of the time. Although it has the names of all those taking part if you know of the participation of artists such as Viktor Vasnetsov and Boris Kustodiyev ( Autorretratos of both in subsequent images and subsequent ) In general, almost all the artists presented bold proposals.
In terms of caps, berets and hats in addition to proposed models of the recalled helmets bogatires * , legendary Russian epic heroes. Heroes
* Slavic tribal protagonists of stories about battles. Originally appeared in popular songs that were tranmit from generation to generation by oral means and only in the nineteenth century acquired a written form.
The contest continued until the onset of winter and finally the Revolutionary War Soviet public their decision.
paintings by Viktor Vasnetsov, completed in April 1898 and who work more than 20 an-os. Known as "The 3 bogatires" real name "The bogatires" (Богатыри in Russian)
Neither proposal entirely pleased the jury chose as isolated elements taken from different projects to constitute a uniform. In relation to attire for the head having been rejected berets, hats and peaked caps finally accepted the proposal based on the bogatires (Богатыри) of Виктор Васнецов (Viktor Vasnetsov, author of the table top) added to their model a hood, the shape of a helmet and a star, final decision issued on December 13, 1918 and which entered into force in early 1919 and whose results can see below:
The new Red Army cap, effective from January 19, 1919, was a kind of helmet camouflage color Bogata and cotton lining. It was a conical cap formed by 6 triangles that shook up and possessed an oval shield in the front plus an extension at the back who joined under the chin with 2 buttons. You carried on the front a five-pointed star sewn and gender and in color, according to the decree of April 8, 1919, would depend on the type of troops. 
In terms of colors crimson star identified the infantry, the cavalry blue, light blue to aviation, the orange to the artillery, the military engineers to black and green troops border then also formed part of the Red Army. The star's diameter was 8.8 cm and it is hooked to a small metal star. 
De Bogatyrka to Budenovka 
The first to use the then Богатырка (Bagatírka), which was like the first call, were young soldiers of the Red Army in the city of Ivanovo-Voznesensk *, however, in late 1918 in this city was announced the recruitment of Михамл Фрунзе ( Mixail Frunze, image above) by the troops. Because of this, soon was renamed Frunzevka bogatyrka, however, when the knob is left Семён Михаилович Будённый (Simion Mikhailovich Budyonny, picture below) way to get a denomination more legendary: Budenovka (Budiónafka) due to the fame he acquired the First Cavalry Army (Конармия, Konarmia) Budyonny commanded by its performance in the Civil War ( Between 1918 and 1920 at its core but ). * Current City Иваново (Ivánava), denomination he received from 1932 and that he had lost in 1871 when it was transformed into a single territorial unit near the village of Voznesensk
Use of this cap is universal returned only Russian troops in 1922. 
The red star While originally the Red Army sought to use any symbol of rank and in the summer of 1918 he introduced the red star symbol that was sanctioned by a decree of 19 April by the Commissioner in matters of war popular as a symbol to be worn on the chest by all members the PKKA * and then confirmed by decree of the Revolutionary War Soviet of the republic. The practice, however, showed that the star was barely visible on the chest due to belts of ammunition, so in the summer of 1918 he established the use of the star on his cap.
* Initials Red Army Russian peasants and workers (RKKA)
It was made of brass, was a little swollen and covered with red paint being cross to the center by a hammer and a plow, the latter was yellow like the edge of the star and was later replaced by a sickle. Its size as standard was 3.6 cm but there were much larger models and more sin-os. The star was called Красноармейский значок-кокарда ( Emblem of the Red Army) and was to be a point up but period photographs often show use with 2 points up. The other version
There is another version in relation to the bogatirka was developed before the Revolution, during the 1st World War to the parade that is scheduled to be held in Berlin in the summer of 1917. No one then was wary of the Russian victory over the Germans and thought on a new wardrobe for the victory parade in Berlin, however, the war ended with a revolution and the old army disintegrated.
Another version is not much different from the earlier claims that the March 7, 1918 when it was announced the contest to choose a new uniform for the troops actually participated Viktor Vasnetsov and it is very possible that he and other artists who participated in the competition to provide a uniform to the Czar's troops again submit the same project and it is possible that the then Soviet President revolutionary war, Trotsky ( picture below) has not only chosen this project because of its originality but because the uniforms were ready and remained just sew the emblems of the Red Army.
The cause of that gloom in its origins was that all documents and orders made to finalize the elaboration of a new uniform of Red Army war workers and peasants were signed by the de facto founder of the Army, Trotsky * who had the post of People's Commissar of the Army and Navy and President of the Soviet revolutionary war and would soon fall into disrepute of the Soviet authorities. * His real name was but Leyba Bronshtein changed his name to Trotsky in his passport to flee from Russia to France, which later.
Changes cap
By a decree of January 1922, 322-31 number of Soviet revolutionary council adopted a different hat for summer, light gray and produced either gender Store field-to or cotton cloth. This new cap was replaced in May 1924 by a visor.
The winter budenovka also suffered a change of appearance in 1922, making it less high and more rounded ( shown above) plus the color of the genre happened to be dark gray. In conjunction with the change in shape also changes the diameter Star stitched, reducing and replacing the plow and the classic hammer and sickle hammer . in July 1925 with the purpose to economize on materials it was decided to make winter cap with 6 pieces of gender and genre not covered with colored external buttons were replaced by metal buttons.
On August 2, 1926 by order of Soviet revolutionary war star decided to remove the gender of the winter cap, leaving as the only distinctive cap or shield the tiny metallic-red Army. The same an-o also changes the color from dark gray to camouflage uniform color according to the Red Army adopted in 1924. Different models
and modifications of this cap is used by the troops almost to the end of the decade of the '30s.
Model Red Army uniform, in force between 1936-1941 The budenovka existed until July 1940. Then by order of the HKO (People's Defence Commissariat) of the Soviet Union under number 187 of July 5 instead of the winter cap was introduced budenovka shapka-ushanka, considering two types: One of wool and natural skin other cotton and artificial skin, both models of gray.
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