end of 2010 took place in Russia the last national census of population and although final results be published in stages between late 2011 and early 2012 on March 28 last recently reported the first preliminary results. In a country like Russia under demographic crisis the main theme was of course know that As the population had declined in relation to the previous Census in 2002? 
The adjacent images show the 2010 census enumerators carrying various elements of their official dress and the bag and scarf. 
As reported on 28 March, the Federal Statistics Service of Russia, РОССТАТ (Rosstat), the Russian population decreased in the last 8 years in an- 2.2 million from the 145.2 million to 142.9 million inhabitants. The reason for this decrease in population is associated with low birth rates as shown in the following chart in which they appear in gray levels and black birth the mortality, both between 1950 and 2009. Until the '60s there was a substantial difference in favor of birth is quite moderate in '70. After the end of the USSR appears to place a sustained trend rather mortality over the birth rates, however, the gap has been narrowing in recent years due to an-government measures and sustained improvement in the level life of the population. 
to mid-60s it was common in Russia that families had 2-3 children, which was manifested in 1964 at a rate of 2.15 children per woman. That figure suffered a sharp fall in the late '90s when the index under just 1.2 children. In the past an-os, however, due to the active population policy of the Russian government in the birth rate has increased, increasing the number of second and third births but that the rate of children per woman to climb now 1, 6. Despite the steady decline of population both Moscow and St. Petersburg presented at the last census, due to internal and external immigration, an increase of population. Moscow between 2002 and 2010 grew by 11% while St. Petersburg did in 4%. Today, with its 11.5 million inhabitants, Moscow more than doubled to 4.8 million inhabitants of St. Petersburg. 
However, regions with higher population growth presented in the Russian Caucasus, where Chechnya, Dagestan and presented an increase of over 15%. A neighbor of both region, Ingushetia, present, however, a sharp decline of 11% but the reason is simple: In 2002 the region was home to many refugees from the war in Chechnya, which have largely returned to their regions an origin in the following os. distribution of population by sex
is usually said that in Russia the number of women far exceeds that of men and, at first glance, the census confirms this, since women make up 54% of the population while men reach 46%. Comparing this proportion to the 2002 Census can also note that this difference grew by 600 thousand women. In 2002 the number of men in Russia was 67.6 million, a figure that low in late 2010 to 66,200,000. That is, the decrease in the number of men was 1.4 million. In terms of women in 2002 had 77.6 million in 2010 fell to 76.7 million, ie, the decline was 860 thousand women. Because of this, there are now 10.5 million in Russia more women than men but the overabundance of women is manifested rather in the age range of older adults.
The chart above shows that in Russia to 29 an-os, including the number of men slightly exceed that of women in the country. Between 30 and 44 is a slight difference for the number of women aged 45 and a difference for the number of women grows almost alarming as it shows that the difference in female population in Russia is explained by the high and early male mortality in the country and also shows that is a characteristic rather of people over 50 an-os. 
distribution pyramid divided by sex according to population figures for 2009 (in gray). You can see that around 60-65 an-os much smaller population in the aftermath of the Second World War (Russian Call Great Patriotic War), a feature that would change radically in the projections made for 2019 (red line) and 2029 (blue line). The volume of the Russian population globally
In the list of 10 most populous nation in the world, Russia is in 9th place, leaving in 10 th in Japan (127 million), being overtaken by China ( 1.343 million), India (1,195 million) and U.S. (311 million) countries that accumulate to 41% of world population and are followed by Indonesia (231 million), Brazil (194 million), Pakistan (172 million), Bangladesh (162 million) and Nigeria (154 million).
is expected that in 2050 both Russia and Japan out of the list being replaced respectively by Ethiopia and the Republic of Congo since Russia should move from the current 143 million to 117 million. Nevertheless, Russia is not the country that has the highest demographic problem in the world but another former Soviet republic, Ukraine, countries that had 53 million inhabitants in 1992 and is expected to arrive in 2030 at 39 million.
Graphic population in the territory of the Russian Empire from 1722 and then in the territory of the USSR. Since 1858, the lower tracing shows the Russian population in the territory that corresponds only to the limits of the current Russian Federation which broadly show a slight but steady increase of population until the end of the Soviet Union, when beginning a sustained population decrease. 
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